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tanthanh160787
da em cam on thong tin cua anh tuan, anh tuan oi cho em hoi la neu co cac trieu chung nhu cam sot nhu vay tuc la dang chuyen doi huyet thanh phai khong anh? nhu vay thi co khang the chua anh? sau 20 ngay em bi cam sot, bi trong vong 10 ngay thi het (ngay thu 30) nua thang sau (45 ngay) em xet nghiem combo nhu vay khang the xuat hien kip khong anh? 45 ngay thi khang nguyen con khong anh tuan? hic em boi roi qua nen hoi lung tung len het roi
Truong hop ban do lang thoi khong co nguy co.Ve xet nghiem,ban da lam cai xet nghiem tim khang nguyen va khang the.
Khang nguyen (antigen) la tat ca cac chat, doi khi ke ca thanh phan cau tao cua co the, khi xam nhap vao co the sinh vat se gay nen mot dap ung mien dich, tuc mot qua trinh sinh hoc phuc tap dan den su tong hop nhung phan tu dac biet goi la khang the (dich the hay khang the te bao) va chung co dac tinh lien ket dac hieu voi khang nguyen do. Tom lai, Khang nguyen la chat gay ra dap ung mien dich dac hieu va phan ung voi cac san pham cua dap ung do. Nhung phan tu don gian, chung cho nhieu loai nhu nuoc, muoi khoang, u re, creatinin, duong don hay duong doi, khong phai la khang nguyen. Bang chung doc nhat noi len mot chat dung la mot khang nguyen khi chung minh duoc co dap ung mien dich chong lai no.
Khang the (antibody) hay con goi la cac globulin mien dich (immunoglobulin - am chi thanh phan cung cap kha nang mien dich nam o phan globulin cua huyet thanh khi phan tich bang dien di) la nhung phan tu protein hoat dong nhu nhung thu the tren be mat te bao lympho B de nhan dien khang nguyen hoac nhu nhung san pham tiet cua te bao plasma. Ve nguon goc, te bao plasma chinh la te bao lympho B sau khi da nhan dien khang nguyen, hoat hoa va biet hoa thanh. Nhung khang the do te bao plasma tiet ra co tinh dac hieu voi khang nguyen giong het nhu tinh dac hieu cua phan tu khang the tren be mat te bao B dong vai tro la thu the danh cho khang nguyen da nhan dien khang nguyen ban dau. Cac khang the nay se luu hanh trong mau va bach huyet, chung hoat dong nhu nhung thanh phan thuc hien cua dap ung mien dich dich the bang cach phat hien va trung hoa hoac loai bo cac khang nguyen. Khang the la mot phan cua he thong mien dich trong co the.
Nguoi ta thuong goi la xet nghiem HIV, nhung ve thuc chat no khong phai la xet nghiem tim con vi rut nay. Sau khi HIV vao co the, co the se tao ra chat khang the chong lai HIV. Dang buon la khang the nay bat luc, khong tri duoc HIV. Nhung khang the la dau hieu cho thay co nhiem HIV. Xet nghiem HIV pho bien hien nay la tim khang the HIV. Cac xet nghiem hien co o Viet Nam co the phat hien duoc khang the HIV sau khoang thoi gian trung binh 3 thang tu khi bat dau nhiem HIV.
Xet nghiem phat hien khang nguyen la nhung xet nghiem truc tiep chi ra su co mat cua HIV trong mau huyet thanh, huyet tuong hoac dich nao tuy. Kha nang phat hien truc tiep su co mat cua HIV trong mau huyet thanh hay dich nao tuy la mot buoc tien co y nghia quan trong ve nhieu phuong dien so voi cac xet nghiem phat hien khang the:
- Thu nhat la phat hien truc tiep khang nguyen HIV chi ra tinh trang nhiem HIV chu dong.
- Thu hai la phat hien truc tiep khang nguyen HIV cho phep chan doan nhiem HIV truoc khi co dap ung khang the.
- Thu ba la phat hien khang nguyen HIV trong huyet thanh co y nghia tien luong