HIV/AIDS là gì ?

<h4>
<span style="color:#b22222;"><span style="font-size: 24px;"><strong>HIV/AIDS la gi ?</strong></span></span></h4>
<p>
HIV la chu viet tat ten goi cua sieu vi trung gay lam suy giam he thong mien dich cua co the. Ðay la loai sieu vi trung gay ra benh AIDS.</p>
<p>
Neu ban bi nhiem sieu vi HIV co nghia la ban duoc chan doan la HIV duong tinh.</p>
<p>
Mot khi sieu vi trung HIV xam nhap vao co the, no se tan cong va huy hoai dan he thong mien dich cua co the. Chinh he thong nay giup co the ban phong chong nhiem trung va benh tat.</p>
<p>
Sau mot thoi gian, thong thuong la nhieu nam, he thong mien dich yeu dan va nguoi mac phai HIV se bi benh. Chi khi nguoi nhiem HIV duoc chan doan la co mot hoac nhieu chung benh thi moi bi xem la da phat benh AIDS.</p>
<p>
AIDS la chu viet tat ten goi cua hoi chung liet khang. Khi nguoi binh co mot so nhung chung benh nhiem trung bat thuong do he thong mien dich suy yeu thi ho duoc chan doan la bi benh AIDS.</p>
<p>
Hien thoi chua co cach de tri dut HIV/AIDS. Tuy nhien, neu duoc dieu tri som bang nhung loai thuoc dac biet thi tinh trang suc khoe se duoc cai thien.</p>

<h4>
<span style="color:#b22222;"><span style="font-size: 22px;"><strong>Sieu vi HIV lay truyen </strong><strong>nh</strong><strong>u</strong><strong> </strong><strong>th</strong><strong>e</strong><strong> nao?</strong></span></span></h4>
<p>
Sieu vi HIV duoc tim thay trong cac dich tiet cua co the (dich the) nhu mau, tinh dich, chat nhon am ho va sua me. Viec lay nhiem sieu vi trung HIV chi co the xay ra khi cac dich the cua nguoi</p>
<p>
nhiem HIV truyen truc tiep vao duong mau cua nguoi khac.</p>
<p>
Sieu vi trung HIV chi co the lay truyen qua:</p>
<ul>
<li>
Giao hop (qua duong hau mon, duong mieng va am dao)</li>
<li>
Dung kim, ong chich va nhung dung cu chich ma tuy</li>
<li>
Cac hinh thuc xam, xo co the (bang nhung dung cu khong duoc khu trung)</li>
<li>
Khi sinh san va sua m�?</li>
<li>
Tiep mau va nhung san pham che bien tu mau (tai Uc tat ca nhung san pham nay da duoc kiem nghiem sieu vi trung HIV ke tu nam 1985)</li>
</ul>
<p>
HIV khong the lay truyen qua:</p>
<ul>
<li>
Ho</li>
<li>
Nhay mui</li>
<li>
Khac nho</li>
<li>
Hon hit</li>
<li>
Khoc</li>
<li>
Dung chung chen bat va muong nia</li>
<li>
Khan trai giuong</li>
<li>
Phong ve sinh, buong tam hoac</li>
<li>
Nhung giao tiep thong thuong</li>
</ul>
Nhung loai con trung nhu muoi khong lay truyen sieu vi trung HIV.

<h4>
<span style="color:#b22222;"><span style="font-size: 22px;"><strong>Con nhung can binh phong tinh khac thi sao?</strong></span></span></h4>
<p>
STI con duoc goi la binh phong tinh.</p>
<p>
Nhung loai binh phong tinh nhu :</p>
<p>
Benh lo loet (Herpes), Benh mun nhot noi bo phan sinh duc (Genital Warts), Giang Mai (Syphilis), Benh nhiem vi trung Chlamydia (Chlamydia), Benh Lau (Gonorrhoea) va Viem gan sieu vi loai B da ton tai tu lau o khap moi noi tren the gioi.</p>
<p>
Neu ban nhan thay nhung trieu chung nhu:</p>
<ul>
<li>
Ngua ngay</li>
<li>
Phong dop</li>
<li>
Chay mû</li>
<li>
Ði tieu bi dau rat</li>
<li>
Cam giac dau khi giao hop</li>
</ul>
<p>
Neu ban co mot trong nhung trieu chung tren, nen den gap bac si de duoc kham nghiem.</p>
<p>
Ðieu quan trong can luu y la neu nhu ban co quan he tinh duc khong an toan (khong su dung bao cao su) ban van co the bi nhiem binh phong tinh ma khong thay su bieu hien cua bat cu mot trieu chung nao ca.</p>
<p>
Tham chi nhung can benh phong tinh thong thuong nhu Giang Mai va Lau neu khong duoc chua tri thi co the dan den tinh trang vo sinh cho ca dan ong lan dan ba.</p>
<p>
<strong>Nhung dieu can nho</strong></p>
<p>
Sieu vi trung HIV va nhung binh phong tinh thuong lay truyen tu nguoi nay sang nguoi khac qua viec giao hop bang duong am dao, hau mon va mieng.</p>
<p>
Mot so cac can benh nhu benh mun dop (Herpes) cung co the lay truyen qua su tiep can cua lop da. Sieu vi trung HIV va Viem gan sieu vi loai B (cung nhu Viem gan loai C) cung lay truyen boi mau con ton dong trong kim, ong chich da su dung hoac nhung dung cu xam, xo ma khong duoc khu trung.</p>
<p>
Su dung bao cao su (voi that nhieu dau boi tron) van la cach tot nhat de phong ngua sieu vi trung HIV va cac loai binh phong tinh khac lay lan qua viec giao hop bang duong am dao, hau mon va mieng.</p>
<p>
<strong>Bao cao su</strong></p>
<p>
Ðung vay, nen su dung bao cao su voi that nhieu dau boi tron (nhu loai kem boi hieu KY hoac Wetstuff). Bao cao su la hinh thuc ngua thai an toan duy nhat de phong ngua su lay nhiem sieu vi trung HIV va cac binh phong tinh (cung nhu su thu thai).</p>

<h4>
<span style="color:#b22222;"><span style="font-size: 22px;">HIV &amp; AIDS Khac Nhau Nhu Th<strong>e</strong><strong> Nao?</strong></span></span></h4>
<p>
HIV/AIDS thuong duoc viet va xem nhu la mot chu co cung mot nghia, tuy nhien HIV va AIDS co hai nghia khac nhau.</p>
<p>
HIV la chu ten viet tat cua sieu vi trung gay ra tinh trang liet khang trong co the. Ðay la thu sieu vi trung gay ra hoi chung AIDS. Neu ban bi nhiem sieu vi HIV, khi do ban se duoc chan doan la HIV duong tinh (HIV positive) do ket qua duong tinh cua thu nghiem HIV. Ðieu nay co nghia la sieu vi HIV da xam nhap vao duong mau cua ban. Hien thoi chua co cach chua tri HIV va sieu vi trung nay se luon luon ton tai trong mau cua ban.</p>
<p>
Tuy nhien, dieu quan trong can phai nho la nhieu nguoi sau khi bi nhiem HIV van cam thay khoe manh va co dien mao van binh thuong.</p>
<p>
AIDS la ten chu viet tat cua hoi chung liet khang. AIDS it khi chi la mot chung benh nhung la mot nhom hon hop nhieu chung benh phat trien do co the khong con du suc chong choi benh tat nhu nhung luc binh thuong. Mot khi da xam nhap vao mau, sieu vi HIV tan cong va tieu diet he thong mien nhiem (con goi la he thong phong chong benh tat) cua co the. Qua mot thoi gian (thuong la nhieu nam), he thong mien nhiem se tro nen yeu kem di. Chi khi nguoi nhiem HIV duoc chan doan voi mot hoac nhieu chung benh thi moi duoc xem la da phat benh AIDS.</p>
<p>
<strong>HIV la mot loai sieu vi trung co the lay lan tu nguoi nay sang nguoi khac qua duong mau. AIDS la chung benh phat trien qua mot thoi gian sau khi da bi nhiem HIV. Ban khong the bi lay AIDS hoac truyen benh AIDS cho nguoi khac, nhung ban co the lay truyen HIV. Neu ban chan doan la HIV duong tinh (positive) co nghia la ban da bi nhiem sieu vi HIV. Ðieu nay khong co nghia la ban mac benh AIDS. Nhieu cach chua tri hien thoi khong co the chua khoi HIV, nhung co the lam cham su phat trien AIDS trong nhieu nam.</strong></p>

<h4>
<span style="font-size:22px;"><span style="color: rgb(178, 34, 34);">HIV Anh Huong HeThong Mien Nhiem Cua Co The Nhu The Nao?</span></span></h4>
<p>
Sieu vi trung la nhung sinh vat cuc nho co kha nang xam nhap vao co the va gay benh. Chung duoc lay truyen tu nguoi nay sang nguoi khac bang nhieu cach va gay nen nhieu thu benh khac nhau.</p>
<p>
Thi du, nhung chung benh nhu cam cum, ban, ghe lo va benh te liet la do sieu vi trung gay ra.</p>
<p>
Cam cum va benh ban lay qua khong khi, benh lo loet lay qua dung cham da thit va benh te liet lay qua nuoc nhiem doc. HIV chi lay truc tiep qua duong mau. Sau do thi sieu vi trung gay benh tat qua viec tan cong va pha hoai he thong mien nhiem cua co the.</p>
<p>
He thong mien nhiem cua co the bao ve ban khoi benh tat. He thong nay gom mot tong hop te bao nhieu loai hoat dong chung voi nhau de nhan dien va tieu diet vi khuan, sieu vi trung va nhung ky usinh trung khac.</p>
<p>
Ban se biet minh co nhiem HIVhay khong sau khi thu nghiem mau goi la HIV antibiody test. Loai thu nghiem nay tim thay thu chat dam goi la khang the (antibodies) trong mau cua ban. He thong mien nhiem trong co the ban tiet ra khang the nay dechong choi voi sieu vi HIV.</p>
<p>
Nhung tea bao CD4 (tam goi la te bao linh,co khi con duoc goi la te bao T4 hoacT-helper) dieu dong he thong mien nhiem trong co the de duong dau voi can benh.</p>
<p>
Khi HIV xam nhap vao mau, sieu vi trung tim kiem nhung te bao linh nay va ke den la</p>
<ol>
<li>
Chui vao ben trong nhung te bao linh an nup va tu sinh soi nay no them.</li>
<li>
Nhung te bao linh bi chiem dong nay bi vo toang khien cho nhung sieu vi trung moi sinh soi lan tran trong mau. Nhung sieu vi trung moi nay lai tim kiem nhung te bao linh khac va lap lai mot cach khong ngung nghi tien trinh tren.</li>
<li>
Nhung te bao linh lanh manh con lai phan ung bang cach tim ra nhung te bao linh da bi sieu vi trung HIV chiem dong va tieu diet chung di. Qua mot thoi gian, rat nhieu te bao linh CD4 bi tieu diet va ket qua la he thong mien nhiem cua co the khong con du suc de chong choi voi benh tat nua.</li>
</ol>
<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="4" style="width: 100%;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="115">
<img border="0" src="http://www.mhahs.org.au/images/stories/hiv_effect_pic1.gif" /></td>
<td>
&nbsp;</td>
<td valign="top">
<p>
1. HIV o ben trong duong mau<br />
2&amp;3. Sieu vi trung bam vao va chui vao ben trong te bao<br />
4. VSieu vi trung tha ra thong tin sinh san vao ben trong te bao<br />
5. Tien trinh dac biet giup thong tin sinh san nay tro thanh mot phan cua te bao CD 4 &ndash; T va vao ben trong hach cua te bao<br />
6. Te bao CD 4 &ndash; T bay gio bi nhiem HIV mai mai<br />
7. Sieu vi bat dau tu sinh soi nay no<br />
8. Cuoi cung te bao vo tung. Hang ngan con sieu vi trung moi thai ra ben trong duong mau. Sieu vi trung moi tiep tuc di gay nhiem cac te bao CD 4 &ndash; T khac</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>